KARSHIKA KERALAM

IoStcmK{]Xntcm[ inbp ]dnbn\

       hnman\pIfptSbpw [mXpehWfptSbpw Iehdbmb ]dn hnfIsf kwcWmlmcambn IWmsSpp. Aimkv{Xobamb coXnbn Irjn sNpXn\m ]dn hnfI IoStcmKm{IaWv IqSpX hnt[bamhpp. tIcfnse Imemh (ISp agbpw Cuw \nd Acohpw) tcmKIoS_m[ hnphm CSbmpp. Chbn \npw ]dn hnfIsf kwcnbvpXn\pw IqSpX hnfhv InpXn\pw IoS\min\nI \smcfhn D]tbmKntWvSn hcpw. a\pjy\pw, ap klPohnIpw lm\nIcamb IoS\min\n {]tbmKw Hcp ]cn[nhsc HgnhmpXn\mbn IoStcmK {]Xntcm[ tijnbp C\ IrjnsNpIbmWv thWvSXv. tIcf ImjnI kIemimebn {]Xntcm[ tijnbp At\Iw ]dnbn\ CXn\mbn hnIknsSpnpWvSv.

1. hgpX\

kqcy

        _mIvSocnb hmtcmK {]Xntcm[ inbp C\amWv kqcy. apnm XWvSv, hbev \ndn Hmh BIrXnbnep ImbvI Fnh ChbpsS {]tXyIXIfmWv. slIvSdn\v 20 S hnfhv e`npw.

tizX

        _mIvSocnb hmns\Xnsc {]Xntcm[tijn. shfp \ndnep sNdnb ImbIfmWnhbvpXv. XWvSnepw CeIfnepw appIfnspXv ChbpsS asmcp {]tXyIXbmWv. slIvSdn\v 30 S hsc hnfhv e`npp.

lcnX

        _mIvSocnb hmn\pw Imbv Noben\pw {]Xntcm[tijnbp C\w. ZoLImew hnfhv Xcp ChbpsS ImbvI \oWvSXpw Cfw ]\ndapXpamWv. slIvSdn\v 60 S hsc hnfhv e`npw.

\oena

        AXypev]mZ\ tijnbpw hmtcmK {]Xntcm[ tijnbpw HptN Cybnse BZys kcbn\w. Chbvv appIfn. ImbvI DcpWvSv henapXpw, an\pkapXpw

hbev \ndtmSp IqSnbXpamWv. slIvSdn\v icmicn 65 S hnfhv e`npw.

        sF.sF.Fv.Bdn \npw ]pdndnb A \n[n, A \oemIm, A tIihv Fnhbvpw sF.F.B.sF.bn \npw ]pdndnb ]qkm ]n  F C\n\pw _mIvSocnb hmtcmK {]Xntcm[tijnbpWvSv.

2. apfIv

PzmemkJn

        Fcnhv Ipdhp Cfw] \ndnep C\w. sXPnIv A\ptbmPyamWv. slIvSdn\v icmicn 20 S hnfhv e`npw.

PzmemapJn

        Fcnhv Ipdhp ] \ndnep C\w. sX PnIv A\ptbmPyamWv. slIvSdn\v icmicn 22.5 S hnfhv e`npw.

aRvPcn

        _mIvSocnb hmns\Xnsc {]Xntcm[tijnbp Cu C\w Cfw ]\ndn IpeIfmbn Imbvpp. apfIn\v icmicn 4 sk.ao. \ofw DWvSmbncnpw. Fcnhp IqSpXepWvSmIpw. ASpSpv \Sm A\ptbmPyw.

Dze

        tIcfn\\ptbmPyamb AXypev]mZ\ tijnbpw _mIvSocnb hmtcmK {]Xntcm[ tijnbpap C\w. CcpWvS ] \ndtmSpIqSnb ImbvIfmWv. Dtiw 6 sk.ao. \ofw hcpw. IpeIfmbn Imbvp Ch ]gpptm ISp Nphp\ndamIpw. Nph apfIn\mbpw ] apfIn\mbpw D]tbmKnmdpWvSv. \ Fcnhp Cu C\w Hfntbmsdkn, \ndw Fnh thXncnsSpm tbmPnXmWv. Ce Npcpf, samtkv Fo sshdkv tcmKsfbpw sNdpp \nm tijnbpWvSv.

3. Xmfn

in

        _mIvSocnb hmtcmKs sNdpm tijnbp C\w, Aev]w ]cv, DcpWvS, CScw ImbvIfmWv ChbvpXv. ImbvI hnm\p {]hWXbpXn\m \ aqspXn\papv hnfshSpm {inbvWw.

apn

        intbmSv kmZriyap ChbpsS ImbvIv Cfw ] \ndamWpXv. ImbvI hnm\p {]hWX IpdhmWv. slIvSdn\v 43.5 S hnfhv.

4. ]b

]qkm tIma

        _mIvSocnb sImWvSp Ce AgpIens\Xnsc (leaf blight) {]Xntcm[ tijnbp Ch {lkzIme aqpXpw IpnsSnbmbn hfcphbpamWv. Cfw ]\ndtmSpIqSnb \oWvS ImbvI (15-20 sk.ao) Xcp Chbvv agmev ]Scm\p {]hWXbpWvSv. samtkv tcmKn\pw, sImfntm{Snw aqeapWvSmIp IcntISn\pw {]Xntcm[tijnbpWvSv. slIvSdn\v 10 S hnfhv.

sshPbn

        AXypev]mZ\ tijnbpXpw hbep \ndtmSpIqSnbXpamb \oWvS (50-60 sk.ao.) ]b Xcp C\w. samtkv, ap FnhbvsXnsc {]Xntcm[ in. slIvSdn\v 12.6 S hnfhv.

imcnI

        hnb, ]\ndnep \oWvS ImbvIfpsS Xpn hbev \ndw, hnn\v Idpp \ndw. sX PnIfntev A\ptbmPyw. hnfhv slIvSdn\v 13 S.

amenI

        shfp hnb, sX PnIv A\ptbmPyw. slIvSdn\v 10 S hnfhv.

sI.Fw.hn - 1

        ]Xns\paWnb, Nph hnv, ]pfnp Ie F an\v tbmPnXv. slIvSdn\v 17.5 S hnfhv.

I\IaWn

        Cfw]\ndw. Fmmepw Irjn sNmw. CScw heppw. ASpftmntev tbmPnXv. DWbdn\pw HSnbdn\pw D]tbmKnmw.

5. NXpcb

tchXn

        Db DmZ\aX, t]mjIaqeyw. hnfhv slIvSdn\v 10-12 S. tcmKfpw IoSfpw XmcXtay\ IpdhmWv.

   6. shWvS

]qkm khm\n

        samtkv (afnv) tcmKns\Xnsc BZyambn hnIknnsSp C\w. A[nIw imJIfnm ]\ndnep ImbvIfp Ch \nccambn Irjn sNbvXXn\m Ctm samtkv tcmKn\v ASnasSpXmbn ImWpp.

Am A\manI

        sF.sF.Fv.B _mwqcn DcpncnsSp AXypev]mZ\tijnbp Cu C\n\v samtkv tcmK{]Xntcm[ tijnbpWvSv. Cfw ]\ndnep ImbvIv 15-20 sk.ao. \ofapWvSmIpw. imJIfnmXn\m sNSnI ASpSpv \Smw.

        Am A`bv, ]m_v ]n\n, hj Fo kcbn\pw samtkns\Xnsc {]Xntcm[ tijnbpWvSv.

Inc

        Cfw]\ndap ImbvI.

kon

        shfpv \oWvS ImbvI. hnfhv slIvSdn\ 16.2 S.

AcpW

        Nphv \oWvS ImbvI, samtkv tcmKs sNdpp \npp. hnfhv slIvSdn\v 15.8 S.

7. a

Am kqcyapJn

        sNdnb, ]c, hmIrXnbn Hmdp \ndnep Imbv Xcp C\w. ImbobpsS B{IaWs sNdpv \nm tijnbp Ch tIcfn sk]vXw_ apX P\phcn hscbp amkfn Irjn sNm A\ptbmPyamWv.

Anfn

        AXypev]mZ\ tijnbp C\w. ]cpcpWvS CScw hepap ImbvI. Xqw 4-6 Intem{Kmw.

kph

        AXypev]mZ\tijnbp C\w. ]cpcpWvS sNdnb ImbvI. Imn\v Hmdv \ndw. Xqw 3-5 Intem{Kmw.

8. ]Shew

IuapZn

        \oWvSv shfp ImbvIfp C\w. ImbvIv Dtiw Hcp ao \ofw hcpw. ]pfnpIe F antev tbmPnXv. slIvSdn\v 50 S hnfhv.

Sn.F. - 19

        ]bn shfp hcIfp, CScw hepap ImbvI. Dtiw 60 sk.ao. \ofw. slIvSdn\v 30-40 S hnfhv e`npw.

9. ]mh

{]nb

        AXypev]mZ\tijnbp \oWvS ] \ndnep ImbvI. ImbpsS A{K`mKn\v sh\ndamWv. appI IpdhmWv. slIvSdn\v 30 S hnfhv e`npp.

{]oXn

        shfpXpw CScw hepnepXpamb ImbvI. slIvSdn\v 15-35 S hnfhv. ImbobpsS D]{Zhw s]mXpsh IpdhmWv. Xrq, ]memSv, FdWmIpfw PnIfntev tbmPnXv.

{]nb

        shfp hepap ImbvI. hnfhv slIvSdn\v 29 S. arZptcma]qns\Xnsc {]Xntcm[ tijn. ]pfnckap Fantev A\ptbmPyw.

10. shcn

apSntmSv tem

        AXypev]mZ\tijn. aqsptm kz\ndw.

ku`mKy

        AXypev]mZ\ tijnbp CScw hepap ImbvI. aqsptm kz\ndw. slIvSdn\v 21.5 S hnfhv.

11. Ipfw

Co-1

        AXypev]mZ\tijnbp C\w. DcpWvSv, hepap ImbvI. Xqw 8 Intem{Kmw.

sI.F.bp.tem

        AXypev]mZ\ tijnbp C\w. \oWvSv DcpWvS BIrXnbp CScw hepap ImbvI.

Acp

        AXypev]mZ\tijnbp ISpwNphp \ndap CeItfmSp IqSnb C\w. slIvSdn\v 20 S hnfhv.

Imd tem

        Db hnfhv. Nphp \ndap CeItfmSpIqSnb C\w.

Co-1, Co-2

        ]\ndw, Cepn tcmKns\Xnsc {]Xntcm[ in.