KARSHIKA KERALAM

]pXnb D]tbmKfpambn apcn

apcnpcphn \npw F thXncnv hmWnPymhiyn\v D]tbmKnmsaXv Hcp ]pXnb Biba. CXn\v Hcp \qddmWvSne[nIw ]gapWvSvv. Fm \psS \mn Cu Bibw {]Nmcw t\Snbnn. 1817  Pssabnse `cWtI{amb lukv Hm^v Akwnbn apcnsbsb pdnv Hcp ]Xn AhXcnnsp. apcnmbpsS Ipcphn \nsSpp F hnfpIfn C\ambn D]tbmKnmsapw kmeUpIfnepw `yhn`hfpw tNmsamWv Cu ]Xnbn hnhcnncnp\vXv. hnfpIfn D]tbmKnptm ]pIbpWvSmhmsX Xs \ shfnw Xcm apcnsbbvv Ignbpsav XpSv sXfnp. Cu ]Xnbn hnhcnncnpXv. hnfpIfn D]tbmKnptm ]pIbpWvSmhmsX Xs \ shfnw Xcm apcnsbbvv Ignbpsav XpSv sXfnp. Cu Fsb s_ Hmbn Fp hntijnnm\pw XpSn. 1854  CXnsd asddmcp]tbmKw shfnsp. Invkvbdd {]tZis cWvSp {]apJ hmpI\nI hmn\pnse b{n\v Ne\aX ]Icm\p ep{_ntddnwKv Hmbnembn s_ Hmbn {]tbmKnmsav IsWvSpIbpWvSmbn. hnetbdnb XnanwKe F (sperm-whale oil) bmWv Amev hmn eq{_ntddnwKv Hmbnembn D]tbmKnncpXv. ]pjv]fpsS CXfpIfn \npw kpKs BKncWw sNbvsXSpm\pw kucyhI hkvXpfpsS \namWn\pw ]mNImhiyn\pw apcnbsbsb D]tbmKnmsambncpp XpSp IWvsS.

1848 emWv apcnsbbpsS LS\sb kw_n BZy]T\w \SXv. IqSnb Xm]\nebn am{Xw DcpIp s_sl\nv AamWv apcnsbbnse apJyLSI sambncpp \ncoWw. CXn\ptijhpw apcnsbbpsS LS\sb kw_nv ]e ]T\fpw \Sp. Cfw a\ndhpw t\cnb kpKhpap F apcnpcphn icmicn 40 iXam\sa tXmXn ASnbnpWvsSv KthjI NqWvSnmn. s_sl\nv An\p ]pdsa ancnnv Aw, ]manddnv Aw, nbdnv Aw, ]mandtdmfnv Aw, Hfnbnv Aw, ens\mfnv Aw, ent\msf\nv Aw, AcmnUnv Aw, sFtmknt\mbnv Aw, entmskdnv Aw Fo sImgpfpw apcnsbbn ASnbnpWvSv. Heoshbvp kam\amWv apcnsbbpsS LS\.

19-mw \qddmWvSnepw apcnsbsb kw_n ]T\ XpSp. apcnsbbvv \mbn ]Xbm\pw AgppIfbm\pw tijnbpXn\m tkmp\namWn\v D]tbmKnmsambncpp Hcp KthjW^ew. F amddngnp apcnpcnnmv \smcphfamWv. CXns\ Hcp Imenoddbmmsav Nne KthjI A`n{]mbssnepw ktmWn t]mep Nne hnjLSIfpXn\m Cu Bibw ]noSv JWvUnsp. apcnpcpnmns\ PeipoIcWnbmbn D]tbmKnmsa asddmcp \ncoWw hym]Iamb {]tbmKw IWvsSn.

Ign ]XnddmWvSn ]e temIcmjv{Sfpw [mt\ymXv]mZ\n KWyamb h[\hpWvSmnsbnepw FpcphnfIfpsS Imcyn DXv]mZ\hpw BhiyIXbpw Xn Acw \ne\nppWvSv. Cu kmlNcyn apcn Fpcphnfbmbn D]tbmKw IWvsSnpSn. ]e B{^n cmjv{Sfnepw {Kmafnse sNdpInS FanpI D]tbmKnv apcnsb thXncnppWvSv. 1988  CaoUntbddv sSIvt\mfPn sUhev]vsav {Kqv knw_m_vthbnemWv sNdpInS FIvkvs] kmtXnIhnZy Ah A\phnp. Cv knw_mthbn Ccw 17 bqWnddpIfpWvSv. Chsbmw em`Icambn {]hnppWvsSmWv dntmpI NqWvSnmpXv. \nch[n sXmgnehkcfpw CXneqsS krjvSnsp. sNdpInS hyhkmbw F \nebnemWv.

apcnsb \nmWn\v km[yXsbv knw_m_vthbnepw A\p`hw sXfnbnpp. addv FpcphnfIsf At]nv apcnbvv taIfpapWvSv. hc t]mep {]XnIqe kmlNcyn ]nSnp\nm apcnbvmhpw. {][m\ FpcphnfIfmb kqcyImnbpsSbpw \neSebpsSbpw BtKmf icmicn {]XnslIvS DXv]mZ\w bYm{Iaw 2 Spw AcSpaptm apcnbptSXv 3 SmWv.

PeipoIcWn F \nebnepw apcnpcp {]Nmcw t\Sngnp. kpUm\n ]pcmX\Imep Xs PeipoIcWn\v apcnpcp D]tbmKnpt]mnpWvSv. kpUm\okv h\nXI apcnpcp NXv XpWnbn IngnsIn shn Cfn amen\ysf ASnpamddm D]tbmKnncpp. ]noSv Cu coXn addptZifnepw A\phnp. apcnpcp D]tbmKnv Pew ipoIcnm Ipcphns ]pdtmSv amddWw. Dnew ]cnv \mbn Acv Hcp mknseSp ipPenenv Ap\nanjw kv]qWp]tbmKnv \mbn CfpI. an{inXs Acntijw ipoIcntWvS aen\Pensemgnv ]pan\ntddmfw CfWw. AXn\ptijw A\msX shptm amen\y {ItaW ASnp amdpXmbn ImWmw. 40 endd aen\Pew ipoIcnm 30 apcnpcp aXnbmIpw. B{^n cmPyamb amemhnbn aen\Pe ipoIcW mpIfn Cv apcnpcp hym]Iambn D]tbmKnpt]mcp Ben\p XpeyamWv CXns ^eaXsbv KthjW ]noSv sXfnbnp. Cs\ apcnbpsS D]tbmKw ]pXnb am\ IWvsSpIbmWv.

hnhcv ISmSv - ^mw C^taj _yqtdm, Xncph\]pcw