KARSHIKA KERALAM

Bqdnbns i{XpPohnI
      hfscb[nIw IbpaXn km[yXbp Hcp ]pjv] hnfbmWv Bqdnbw. {]IyXym Xs Gsd IoS{]Xntcm[in Cu sNSnpWvSv. Fm ASpImev Bqdnbw Iyjn hym]IambtXmSpIqSn Cu hnftbbpw ]e i{XpPohnI B{IanpXmbnmWv IWvSphcpXv. Ahbn NneXmWv C\ndbpXv.

ap (Aphids)

       sNdn., t\ icocap, anhmdpw ] \ndtmSpIqSnb Hcp IoSamWv ap. Cu IoS sNSnIfn \nv \ocpnpSnpp. Xqew CeI afnpIbpw sNSnv _ebapWvSmIpIbpw sNpp. am{Xa ap ]e Ipan tcmKsf ]cpIbpw sNpp. Hcp sNSnbn \npw asmcp sNSnbntebvv apsb NpapsImWvSp t]mIpXv DdppIfmWv. CXn\v {]Xn^eambn ap DXv]mZnnp tX t]mep Hcp {ZmhIw DdppIv e`npp. Cu {ZmhIw hogp CeIfn Icnw]q F IpantcmKw DWvSmIm km[yXbpWvSv.

      Xmsg sImSpncnp GsXnepw Hcp IoS\min\n BgvNbnsemcn Xfnm apsb \nb{nm Ignbpw.

samknUv 50 C.kn. - Hcp anoen 1 en shn

CmeIvkv 2 C.kn. - 2 anoen 1 en shn

iIoSfpw aoenapIfpw (Scale insects & Mealy bugs)

      ]e sNSnIfnepw ImWp IoSfmWnh. amv, G{]n, tabv amkfn ChbpsS kwJy IqSpXembncnpw. XWvSv, Ce Fnhbn \nv iIoS \ocpnpSnpp. InIpd isf DdppIfmWv Bqdnbw sNSnbn sImWvSp hcpXv. InIqSnb iIqS hepXpw (3 anoao hymkw) {_u \ndnephbpamWv. Ch hfsc thKw s]ps]cpIpIbpw sNSnbn \nv \ocpnpSnv Ahbvv _ebw DWvSmpIbpw sNpp. ssXI Nnetm i_m[ sImWvSv Icnp t]mIm\nSbpWvSv. aoenapSvIfpsS icocn\p ]pdv shfp s]mSn ]nbncnpXpImWmw. Chbpw sNSnIfpsS \ocpnpSnv Pohnpp. apsbtmse aoenapSvIfpw Hcp a[pc {ZmhIw ]pdsSphnpp. AXn\m DdppIsf ChbpsS IqsS Ftmgpw ImWmw.

\nb{W amK

       IoS_m[ IpdhmsWn Hcp ]pIpn sImtWvSm {_jv sImtWvSm Cu {]mWnIsf NpcWvSn ammhptXbpp. Cu IoSfpsS ]pdv sagpIpt]msebp Hcp ]i DXn\m km[mcW IoS\min\nIfpsS D]tbmKw ^e{]Za. AXn\m Hcp Ahmbm]I IoS\min\n D]tbmKnWw. tdmK (ssUsasmtbv) 30 C.kn. 2 anoen Hcp en shn Ien CeIfpw XWvSpIfpw ]qWambn \\bhw BgvNtXmdpw XfnWw.

Cet (Thrips)

      Bqdnbs B{Ianp cWvSpXcw Cet\pI tIcfn dntmv sNbvXnpWvSv. sNSnIfn \nv \ocpnpSnp Hcp IoSamWv Cet. CeIfnepw ]qfnepw XW D `mKfn Cet [mcmfambn ImWpp. CebpsS ASn`mKv Idp ]pnItfmSpIqSnb shn \ndnep `mK Cu IoS_m[bpsS {][m\ eWamWv. IoS_m[ IqSpXemsWn, CebpsS cWvSphihpw Icnbpp. BZyw hncn CeI sImgnpt]mIpp.

\nb{W amK

       Xmsg sImSpncnp IoS\min\nIfn Hv CebpsS ASn`mKv hoghw XfnWw.

samknUv 50 C.kn - Hcp anoen Hcp en shn

CmeIvkv 25 C.kn. - cWvSp anoen Hcp en shn

enam hWvSv (Lema beetle )

       Bqdnbw tXmfn km[cW ImWmdp Hcp sNdnb hWvSmWnXv. Ch sNSnbpsS Ce Xnp \innpp. emh HmcmgvN sImWvSv ]qWhf {]m]npp. kam[nZi sh sImq cq]n sNSnbpsS DWnb `mKfntem antem Ignpp.

      Hcp IoS\min\n Xfnmte Cu hWvSns\ \innm km[nq. Xmsg sImSpncnp IoS\min\nIfnsemv BgvNbnsemcn XfnWw.

skhn 50 WP - {Kmw Hcp en shn

CmeIvkv 25 EC- 2 anoen Hcp en shn

hnn (Grasshopper)

       A{mIvtSmtam^m {In\pte FmWv Bqdnbw sNSnsb B{Ianp hnnens imkv{X\maw. ] \ndnep saen Cu i{XpIoSw Ce Xnp \innpp.

      skhn 50 WP (Im_dn) 4 {Kmw Hcp en shn Ien Xfnm Cu IoSs \nb{nmw.

Ipgpgp (Bagworm)

       CubSp Imev tIcfnse Nne `mKfn IWvSp hcp Hcp IoSamWv Ipgpgp. AmtXm sskoan\na F\v\p t]cp Cu ]pgp CeIfn Zzmc DWvSmpp. Pq, Pqembv, BKv amkfnemWv Cu i{XpIoSns ieyw Ghpw IqSpXembn ImWpXv.

      skhn 50 WP (Im_dn) 4 {Kmw Hcp en shn Ienfnm Ipgpgphns\ ]qWambn \nb{nmw.

CeXo\npgp (Leaf caterpillar)

      kvt]mtSm]vSodm enyqd F Cu ]pgp CeIsf hfsc thKw Xnp \innpp. kam[nZi IgnpXv anemWv. \nb{W amKw DS Ahew_nnsn [mcmfw sNSnIsf HZnhkw sImWvSv \innm Cu ]pgphn\v Ignbpw. ]pgp IdpXmWv. Iqambn IWvSp hcpp.

      Ukv_m 20 (tmss]dnt^mkv) Hcp anoen Hcp en shn Ien kvt{] sNbvXm CeXo\npgphns\ \nb{nm Ignbpw.

aWvUcn (Mite)

       amv, G{]n, tabv amkfnemWv CXns B{IaWw h[n tXmXnepWvSmIpXv. ]qfpsSbpw CeIfpsSbpw XWep I`mKfnemWv aWvUcnIfpsS B{IaWw IqSpX IWvSphcpXv. Cu PohnI sNSnbpsS \ocpnpSnpp. Xpdm ]qfpsS Dn ISv \ndamw kw`hnnpp. Xqew Ah ]noSv hn]\bvv A\ptbmPyamXmbnocpp. Hmdn_mnUv aWvUcn F Hcp ]pXnb hn`mKw aWvUcnbpsS B{IaWhpw CubnsSbmbn BqdnbXXn IWvSphcppWvSv.

      aWvUcn \min\nbmb sIt 2 anoen Hcp en shn Ien BgvNtXmdpw kvt{] sNbvXm aWvUcnbpsS B{IaWn \npw sNSnsb cnmw.

HpI (Snails and Slugs)

     hgphgpp Cgp\Spp PohnIfmWv HpI. Ch km[mcWbmbn Bqdnbw ssXIsf Xnp \innpp. henb sNSnIfpsS CeIfn Zzmcw DWvSmpIbpw thcpIsf apdnpIbpw sNpp. aqpXcw henb HpI Bqdnbw sNSnIsf \innpXmbn IWvSnpWvSv.

       1. slenIvkv Akvt]k

      2. Amn\ ^yqfn

      3. Amn\ ]mnd

      ChtbmsSmw At{KmenamIvkv eohnkv F HcpXcw sNdnb Hpw Bqdnbw sNSnIsf B{IanppWvSv.

\nb{W amK

      ky Ignt HpI ]pdndmdpq. CXv Cu PohnIfpsS Hcp {]tXyI kz`mhamWv. cm{Xn tSmNv ssev {]Iminnm HpIsf IWvSp]nSnm km[npw. Ahsb ]nSnv km{X IqSnb Dpshn Cv \innWw.

      sam UnsslUpw IcppInbpw tN Hcp an{inXw DWvSmn ]qtmn ]e efn hbvpI. IcppInbm BIjnsp hcp HpI sam UnsslUns hnj_m[bm sImsSpw.

      HpIsf \innm sshtUv F Hcp hnjqSv CubnsSbmbn Itmffn e`yamWv. Hcp Bqdnbw Nnbn 5 {Kmw sshtUv hnXdWw.

Bqdnbns tcmK

B{Ivt\mkv (Anthracnose)

     CsXmcp Ipan tcmKamWv. {_u \ndnep henb ]pnI Cebn ImWpXmWv tcmKns BZyeWw. Ccw ]pnI tNv henb Icn `mK DWvSmIpp. Ch Nnetm CfIn hogpXns ^eambn CeIfn Zzmc DWvSmIm\pw km[yXbpWvSv. CesRnemsWn BZyw \ofn Hcp Nph `mKw ZyiyamIpIbpw AXv {ItaW InIqSnb {_u \ndnep ]mSmbn amdpIbpw sNpp. Nnetm ]qsfbpw Cu tcmKw _m[npp. ]qmfnbn ImWp Nph ]pnI ]noSv {_uWpw Idppambn amdpp. Xncnbn Idp ]pnIfmWv DWvSmhpI. agbpw NqSpw Ie Imemh Cu tcmKw ]IcpXn\p klmbnpp. am{Xa, sNSnI ASpp \mepw tcmKkm[yX h[npw.

\nb{W amK

      tcmKw _m[nNv CeI ]dnv Xobnenv Npp\innpI.

      CtUm^n Fw-45 F Ipan\min\n 3 {Kmw Hcp en shn Ien BgvNtXmdpw XfnWw. CXn\p]Icambn Iym]vm (3 {Kmw Hcp en shn) _mhnnhv, (Hcp {Kmw Hcp en shn) Fnhbn GsXnepw Hv D]tbmKnmhpXmWv.

      B{Ivt\mkv tcmKs sNdpp\nm Ignhp ]e P\pkpIfpw Cp e`yamWv. \n, tacnbko^v, A\yq\yq, ImanentbmWv, at\mhanv Fnh Nne DZmlcWfmWv. tcmKap efn Ch \SpXv \XmWv.

Ces]mepw XncnNobepw (Leaf blight and spadix rot)

       tcmKImcWw sImftm{Snw ntbmkvt]mdntbmbnUnkv F Hcp ]qemWv. XWpcbn km[mcW DWvSmImdp Cuw IqSnb Imemh Cu tcmKs hnfnp hcppp.

      CebpsS RcpIfn sNdnb hpnIfmbn tcmKw XpSpp. Ah {ItaW hepXmbn {_u \ndnep ]pnIfmbn amdpp. ]ns ctWvSm aqtm ]pnI Hcpanp tNcpIbpw, B `mKs tImi DWn \inpIbpw sNpp. ]pnIfpsS Nppw Ftmgpw a\ndw ImWpw.

      Cu Ipan tcmKw ]qsfbpw _m[nmdpWvSv. tcmKw _m[n ]q AgpIn tmIpXpaqew hnm ]m Ahbnsepp. ]qtmn hpw ]q Ibn Abbvptmgpw tcmKm{IaWw DWvSmImw.

\nb{W amK

       tcmKw _m[n `mK \innpI.

      CtUm^n Fw-45 3 {Kmw Hcp en shn Ien kvt{] sNbvWw amtImsk_v (3 {Kmw Hcp en shn), Im_Umknw (Hcp {Kmw Hcp en shn) Fo Ipan \min\nI BgvNbnsemcn amdnamdn XfnpXpw \XmWv.

_mIvSocnb aqeap Ce s]m (Bacterial Light)

       kmtmtamWmkv Iymw]kv{Sokv F _mIvSocnbbmWv Cu tcmKn\p ImcWw. sNdnb tImWmIyXnbnep ]pnI CebpsS AcnIn s]mn hcpXmWv BZyeWw. Ccnep ctWvSm aqtm s]mepI HcpanptN a \ndnep henb ]pnbmbn amdpp. tcmKw IqSpt]m Ccw ]pnI {_u \ndnembn IcnbpIbpw sNpp. ChbpsS Nppw a \ndnep Hcp hfbw Ftmgpw ImWmw.

        shw sIn\npI, Ipd \ohm, an hmbp kmcw IpdbpI Fo LSI sNSnsb ]qWambn hmSntmIm CSbmpp.

\nb{W amK

        tcmKns BZyeWw IWvSp XpSptms sNSn ]ngpsXSpv Xobnenv \innpI.

        Cu tcmKtmsSmw km[mcW Ipan tcmKfpw _sp ImWmdpWvSv. Ahsb XSbm\mbn tImHmIvkntmssdUv F Ipan \min\n 3 {Kmw Hcp en shn FtXmXn Ien BgvNtXmdpw XfnWw.

        _mIvSocnb tcmKv {]Xnhn[n Bn_tbmnv acppI BWv. kvs{S]vtmsskn kt^v (200 ano {Kmw Hcp en shn) Asn A{Knssakn (600 ano{Kmw Hcp en shn) BgvNtXmdpw sNSnIfn XfnpXmWv Cu tcmKs XSbm\p Ghpw ^e{]Zamb amKw.

HmPbw (Anthurium decline)

Cu tcmKns ImcW hnhn[fmWv.

ss^tm^vtXmd F Ipan sImWvSpWvSmIp thcptcmKhpw   thcpNobepw.

thcn ]nnbw kv]ojokv F asmcp ]qepWvSmp tcmKw.

thcpIfn \namhncIfpsS B{IaWw.

shw sInen

ssPh hkvXphns A[nIX

PetkN\n\p shnt\m, sNSnbpsS Nphntem ImWp mcckw.

        ]qepIsfbpw \oamhncIsfbpw mc cksbpw IWvSp]nSnm Irjnmv hnjaamWv. tIcf ImjnI khIemimebn {]hnp KthjW m\fpsStbm, Irjn Unmpsav B^okamcpsStbm klmbw CXn\p thWvSn tXSWw.

\nb{W amK

         cWvSmgvNbnsemcn tIm HmIvkntmssdUv (3 {Kmw Hcp en shn) Fnh amdnamdn XfnpI. ChtbmsSmw, dtUman, Aentbv Fnhbn GsXnepasamv Hcp {Kmw Hcp en shn F tXmXn Ien amknsemcn kvt{] sNWw.

        \namhncIsXncmbn t^mtdv (ssXsav) 10 Pn 3 {Kmw Hcp Nnv F IWntem ^yqdUm 3 Pn 10 {Kmw F IWntem Nnbn hnXdWw. Nnbn 4-5 ev sNdnb IpgnI Ipnbpw IoS\min\n XcnI CSmw.

        sNSnI BZyambn \Sp Ahkcnepw amn \Sptmgpw 2 dntUman F Ipan \min\nbn 4-5 an\nv apn, 2 aWnq XWen DWvSmtWvSXmWv.

        cWvSp amknsemcn 50 {Kmw thn ]nmv an tNpXv Cu tcmKs Ipdbvm klmbnpsa ]T\ sXfnbnnpWvSv.

Bqdnbw samtkIv (Anthurium mosaic)

         shosb Hcp {]mWnbmWv Cu tcmKw ]cpXv. Npcpnpfn CeIfpw ]qfpw DWvSmIpI, CeIfn Idp ]pn DWvSmIpI FhbmWv Cu tcmKns eW. tcmKw ]cp IoSs \innpI am{XamWv Cu tcmKw \nb{nm\p GI amKw. CmeIvkv 2 anoen Hcp an shn F tXmXn kvt{] sNbvXv tcmKw \nb{nmw.

HmnUpIfpsS i{XpPohnI

HmnUpIsf km[mcW B{Ianp i{XpPohnI ChbmWv.

ap

iIIIoSfpw aoenapIfpw

]m

Cet

Iq apJap hWvSpI

]cmKWw \Sp IoS

aWvUcn

HpI

         Chbn ]eXpw Bqdnbsbpw B{IanphbmWv. AXn\m Chsbn apIfn hniZoIcnnpWvSv. _mn i{Xp PohnIsfn C\ndbpp.

]m

        CubnsSbmbn HmnUpIfpsS Hcp {][m\ i{Xp Pohnbmbn ]m amdnbnpWvSv. ]I kabw Ch Nnbn Hfnncnpp. thcpIfpsS ]bmb Aw Xnpw, sNSnbpsS hfcp A{K`mK \innpw ]mI Pohnpp.

\nb{W amK

        s_bvtKm t]mep ]eXcw ImjI hnj Ctm Itmfn e`yamWv. Ah D]tbmKnmw.

        Nnsb sNSntbmSpIqSn shw \nd Hcp mnIv sXmnbn Apan\nv Cdnhm ]mI shfnbn hcpw. Atm Ahsb ]nSnp \innmw. shn\p]Icw 2 anoen ametbm Hcp en shn F tXmXn Ienb IoS\min\n emb\n D]tbmKnm ]m CXn hoWv Xmt\ NpsImpw.

        Irjnm Xs Cu ASpImev ]msb \innm Hcp `ymIjI hnjw IWvSp]nSnnpWvSv. t_mdnIv BknUv, ]kmc, ssaZamhv Fnh 1 : 2 : 7 F A\p]mXn tNv, sNdnb DcpfIfmn sNSnIfpsS ASpv cm{XnbneSpphm, Cu IoS hnjw Xnv kzbta \inpsImpw.

Iq apJap hWvSpI

       hWvSpI sNSnbpsS hfcp A{K `mKpw ap`mKfnepw Xpfv B Zzmcfn ap CSpp. hncnndp shfp emhI sNSnbpsS D`mKw Xnp \innpp. hWvSpIv 5 anoao am{Xta \ofw ImWpbpq. B{IaWw an hmdpw hfcp A{KapIpffn BbXn\m sNSn ]qWambn \inpt]mIm km[yXbpWvSv. ]qsfbpw sampIsfbpw Nnetm Cu hWvSpI Xnp \innmdpWvSv.

\nb{W amK

         hWvSpIfpsS Fw IpdhmsWn ssIsImWvSv ]nSnv \innmw,

        skhn 50 4 {Kmw Hcp en shn Asn tdmK 2 anoen Hcp en shn F tXmXn Ien sNSnIfn XfnWw.

        hWvSv B{Ian `mKfn Ipan tcmK _m[nm\p km[yXbpXn\m Hcp Ipan\min\n 3 {Kmw Hcp en shn Ien kvt{] sNWw.

]cmK IoS

       ]eXcw tX\oI, Nn{Xie`, hWvSpI apXembh HmnUpIfn ]cmKWw \Spp. ]cmKWw \Sm ]q hmSntmIpp. Hcp ]qpebnse Hcp ]qhv hmSnbmtmepw AXns hn]Wn \jvSsSpp.

        ]cmKIoSfpsS \nb{Ww hfsc hnjaamWv. hne IqSnb ]qpeIsf cnm XmbveUnepw knwKqcnepsams t\ Inhe D]tbmKnpp. ]t, CXv sNethdnb Hcp \nb{WcoXnbmWv.